Dokku

Heroku-like self hosted platform as a service https://github.com/dokku/dokku

Install on virtualbox using vagrant https://github.com/kevinnguy/dokku-aws-tutorial

git clone [email protected]:dokku/dokku.git
cd dokku
vagrant up
# this will boot up virtual box maching on 10.0.0.2
sudo vi /etc/hosts
# 10.0.0.2 dokku.me
firefox http://dokku.me/

# stop virtual machine
vagrant halt

Install on t2.micro 1GB RAM

ssh -i $PEM_FILE ubuntu@$TEST_IP_ADDRESS
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dokku/dokku/v0.22.9/bootstrap.sh
sudo DOKKU_TAG=v0.22.9 bash bootstrap.sh

Uninstalling dokku

sudo apt-get purge -y docker-engine docker docker.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli
sudo apt-get autoremove -y --purge docker-engine docker docker.io docker-ce

Finish setup using browser (copy paste your public key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub and select Use virtualhost naming for apps)

App name must begin with lowercase alphanumeric character, and cannot include uppercase characters, colons, or underscores To create app you can ``` dokku apps:create my-app

this will create dokku remote url

git remote add dokku [email protected]:my-app

to find help

dokku apps:help

to list all apps

dokku apps:report

similar command from docker

docker stats

to remove destroy delete all exited docker containers

docker rm -v $(docker ps -a -q -f status=exited)


Redis

Redis

sudo dokku plugin:install https://github.com/dokku/dokku-redis.git redis dokku redis:create redis


Install swap on server, one time commands to run on server

enable swap http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku~v0.17.9/getting-started/advanced-installation/#vms-with-less-than-1gb-of-memory

cd /var touch swap.img chmod 600 swap.img

dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/swap.img bs=1024k count=1000 mkswap /var/swap.img swapon /var/swap.img free

echo “/var/swap.img none swap sw 0 0” » /etc/fstab


Config

add config environment variable: for buildpack based deployes envs are

available during build and run time (Dockerfile based are only on run-time)

dokku config my-app

when setting from local than you do not need to define my-app

dokku config:set RAILS_MASTER_KEY=cat config/master.key

it is stored in: dokku run my-app cat /app/.env and it is updated on next

deploy or `ps:rebuild`


Restart

dokku ps:restart my-app


From local machine add remote and push the code

dokku.me should point to your server, without proxy

git remote add dokku [email protected]:my-app

git push dokku master

output should be like:

=====> Application deployed: http://my-app.dokku.trk.in.rs

To dokku.trk.in.rs:my-app

[new branch] master -> master ```

Run commands from local

ssh -t [email protected] run my-app ruby -v
# or just using client that is downloaded in ~/.dokku
# git clone [email protected]:dokku/dokku.git ~/.dokku
# alias dokku='$HOME/.dokku/contrib/dokku_client.sh'
dokku run ruby -v
dokku run rails console

Add custom domain. On cloudlfare you can map subdomains of subdomain to dokku server, for example *.a.trk.in.rs so you can use any subdomain of that subdomain. Only think is that you need to add to your app

dokku domains:add my-app rails.a.trk.in.rs
dokku domains:set my-app rails.a.trk.in.rs # this will remove all other domains

dokku domains:report
dokku urls my-app

You can inspect other nginx configuration by inspecting it and you can customize http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku/configuration/nginx/

less /etc/nginx/conf.d/dokku.conf # here we include all our apps configurations
cat /home/dokku/my-app/nginx.conf
# upstream rails_6-5000 {
#   server 172.17.0.3:5000;
# }
# test your application inside server
curl 172.17.0.3:5000 -I
# HTTP/1.1 200 OK

# when accessing from outside and ssl is enabled
curl -I rails.trk.in.rs
# HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
# Location: https://rails.trk.in.rs:443/

Enabling https with certs letsencrypt need installation of plugin

sudo dokku plugin:install https://github.com/dokku/dokku-letsencrypt.git
# set global config so we do not need to set up for each app
dokku config:set --global [email protected]

than you can enable ssl for current app domains with

dokku letsencrypt my-app
# add cronjob for dokku user, check with: sudo -u dokku crontab -l
# @daily /var/lib/dokku/plugins/available/letsencrypt/cron-job
# it calls auto-renew for all certificates on dokku server
dokku letsencrypt:cron-job --add

To find all commands

dokku letsencrypt:help
dokku letsencrypt:ls

Note that wildcard certificate uses DNS-01 challenge instead of HTTP so it is not yet supported by dokku https://github.com/dokku/dokku-letsencrypt/issues/189 so do not use star subdomains, otherwise you will get

 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/client.py", line 713, in poll_authorizations
    raise errors.TimeoutError()
TimeoutError

Logs

dokku logs # when running from local machine
dokku logs my-app -t
dokku nginx:access-logs my-app -t
dokku nginx:error-logs my-app -t

Postgres

Install plugin

# add postgres plugin
sudo dokku plugin:install https://github.com/dokku/dokku-postgres
# this will clone to /var/lib/dokku/plugins/available/postgres

Create service railsdatabase and that service usuallly contains only one database and name is stored in cat /var/lib/dokku/services/postgres/railsdatabase/DATABASE_NAME https://github.com/dokku/dokku-postgres/blob/master/config#L4 and db name is similar to service name (just snake case, underscode instead dash) so we need to create separate service for separate app (backup is for one database with the same name as service) https://github.com/dokku/dokku-postgres/blob/master/common-functions#L26

# list all postgres services
dokku postgres:list

# create postgres service with name railsdatabase
dokku postgres:create railsdatabase

# link with the app ie setting DATABASE_URL
dokku postgres:link railsdatabase my-app

# access postgres database
dokku postgres:connect railsdatabase

Automatic backups to amazon s3 https://github.com/dokku/dokku-postgres/blob/355952eb1f215d791c769fd320acb0e138525658/common-functions#L171

dokku postgres:backup-auth railsdatabase $AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID $AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
dokku postgres:backup railsdatabase BUCKET_NAME

dokku postgres:backup-schedule railsdatabase $CRON_SCHEDULE $BUCKET_NAME
# for $CRON_SCHEDULE use https://crontab.guru/ for example `@daily`

# you can manually
dokku postgres:export railsdatabase > railsdatabase.dump

When you download dump you can extract and import in local database

tar -zxvf p.tgz
pg_restore -c -U postgres -d ruby-getting-started_development -v backup/export

or you can import this binary pg_dump to dokku

# no need to reset database, it will be automatically cleared and populated
dokku postgres:import railsdatabase < railsdatabase.dump

# if you have plain text SQL (not binary) dump you can use connect
dokku postgres:connect railsdatabase < ./plain.dump

Mount persistent storage http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku/advanced-usage/persistent-storage/

Herokuish

https://github.com/gliderlabs/herokuish Heroku will

remote: -----> Removing BUNDLED WITH version in the Gemfile.lock

Dockerfile

https://pawelurbanek.com/optimize-dokku-deployment-speed http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku/deployment/methods/dockerfiles/ If there are Dockerfile than it will be used except there are BUILDPACK_URL env variable or .buildpacks file. If previously buildpack was used than we need to add flag to switch to docker

dokku config:unset --no-restart my-app DOKKU_PROXY_PORT_MAP

Since env variables are using only during runtime phase, you can use docker-options plugin http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku/advanced-usage/docker-options/

dokku docker-options:add node-js-app build '--build-arg NODE_ENV=production'

so if your assets depends on some env variable, you should add it.

Dokku uses three phases:

build the container that executes the appropriate buildpack
deploy the container that executes your deployed application
run the container that executes any arbitrary command via dokku run

You can add triggers for after deploy actions

# app.json
{
  "name": "My Rails app",
  "scripts": {
    "dokku": {
      "predeploy": "bundle exec rake assets:precompile",
      "postdeploy": "bundle exec rake db:migrate"
    }
  }
}

Zero downtime deploys http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku/deployment/zero-downtime-deploys/

Neo4j

https://github.com/jbhannah/dokku-neo4j

dokku plugin:install https://github.com/thetallgrassnet/dokku-neo4j.git neo4j

on client

dokku config:set NEO4J_HOST=dokku-neo4j-mygraph NEO4J_TYPE==http NEO4J_PORT=7474

Similar

https://github.com/caprover/caprover

https://pawelurbanek.com/rails-heroku-dokku-migration

Dokku Paas

Contents

Dokku

this will create dokku remote url

to find help

to list all apps

similar command from docker

to remove destroy delete all exited docker containers

Redis

enable swap http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku~v0.17.9/getting-started/advanced-installation/#vms-with-less-than-1gb-of-memory

add config environment variable: for buildpack based deployes envs are

available during build and run time (Dockerfile based are only on run-time)

when setting from local than you do not need to define my-app

it is stored in: dokku run my-app cat /app/.env and it is updated on next

deploy or `ps:rebuild`

dokku.me should point to your server, without proxy

output should be like:

Postgres

Herokuish

Dockerfile

Neo4j

Similar

Contents

Dokku

this will create dokku remote url

to find help

to list all apps

similar command from docker

to remove destroy delete all exited docker containers

Redis

enable swap http://dokku.viewdocs.io/dokku~v0.17.9/getting-started/advanced-installation/#vms-with-less-than-1gb-of-memory

add config environment variable: for buildpack based deployes envs are

available during build and run time (Dockerfile based are only on run-time)

when setting from local than you do not need to define my-app

it is stored in: dokku run my-app cat /app/.env and it is updated on next

deploy or ps:rebuild

dokku.me should point to your server, without proxy

output should be like:

Postgres

Herokuish

Dockerfile

Neo4j

Similar

deploy or `ps:rebuild`